THE ATOM.

An atom is a space-time field divided in 3 Non-AE zones: its informative singularity is the nucleus, the external membrane is made of electrons, which evolve socially in bigger S-T membranes when atoms become molecules. While gravitation and light networks shape their intermediate space-time.

16. The ST-field equation of the atom.
-1: The atom is an organic Non-AE system with an energetic body, the electron, an informative Head, the nucleon and gravitational and electromagnetic networks of energy and information. Therefore, its E<=>T organic function is:

E:Electron<ExT: (electromagnetic and gravitational forces)>ST:Nucleon (3 Quarks)

Where the electron and nucleon act as the inner, informative center and the external energetic membrane of the Fractal Organism, communicated by dual e/t flows:
- Max. E: The membrane is the electron, the external surface of the atom.
- <=>: The flows of photons and gravitational quanta form the intermediate sub-space that communicates the membrane and the nucleonic center.
- Max. T: Nucleons are quark triads, evolved socially into a bidimensional vortex with negative curvature, the central singularity of max. temporal information, nucleus or brain of the atom.

17. The  3 atomic families of growing mass.

The ternary horizons of the atom and the dual principle (2 particles, the quark dominant in information, the electron in energy, and 2 spatial forces, the gravitational, informative neutrino, and the electromagnetic, energetic photon) explain the 12 stable particles of reality.

The 4 particles and forces that compose the atom evolved, increasing their mass information in 3 Horizons. So there are3 main types of photons, electrons, gravitational neutrinos and quarks in their energetic and informative dual states (up and down quarks), which according to the law of the 3 ages, create 3 atomic families with increasing temporal mass:

I Horizon (electronic family) >II Horizon (muon family) >III Horizon (Tau family)

We belong to the lightest of those 3 families. But probably there are Universes belonging to the muon and Tau families, shown in the graph, where we see how the evolution of atoms increased the TxE force (mass=energy) of its 4 particles in 3 horizons:
Temporal quarks increased their mass in 3 ages of dual informative and energetic quark pairs: the lightest, informative, down and energetic, up quarks; the balanced, informative, charmed and energetic, strange quarks, and the heavier, informative, Top and energetic, bottom quarks.
The spatial particle, the electron, increased its mass in 3 ages: electrons, muons and Tau electrons.       The informative forces of the atom, condensed as neutrinos with ‘negative’ mass-energy, belonging to the Gravitational world with inverse S-T parameters, also evolved in 3 horizons:
 The electronic, muonic and Tau neutrino.
The energetic force, the light photon, increases also its energy/frequency in those 3 horizons…

18. The 3 sub-ages of atomic, social evolution.
The atom is a complex, efficient organic system, which ads up S ExT actions, far stronger than the simple txe action of an individual particle. So, once it was created, it started a reproductive radiation that gave origin to “the 2nd social big-banging of particles”: the atomic age and its 3 horizons:

I Horizon: max. E: Radiation of hydrogen, the energy atom.
If we divide the atomic age in 3 sub-ages, its youth brought about the massive reproduction of the simplest hydrogen atom, when the universe cooled off to allow ‘temporal, informative, quiet’ organic creation, departing from the 3 individual particles evolved in the previous age, photons, electrons and nucleons. Since ‘time states’ require relative coolness and stillness to evolve. The hydrogen radiation took place according to the canonical big-bang 300 thousand years after the explosion, when the Universe cooled down and the background radiation appeared. At that moment electrons, which are constantly feeding on photons, slowed down and became captured by protons, forming H-atoms. The big fish, the nucleon, ate the small one, the electron, which was no longer free to feed in the smallish photon.

II Horizon: <=>: Balance between form and Energy: Radiation of Helium.
But hydrogen atoms started soon their social evolution, reducing their spatial form and increasing their temporal order, (Max E=min.T), in 3 ages:
- First they associated in diatomic molecules where 2 informative Heads fusion their electronic bodies but not their brains (energetic fusion).
- Then they associated their nuclei in n-p pairs (deuterium).
- And finally, they formed brains of helium with 4 nucleons (informative fusion), the magical number of a perfect organic system with the ±1=S3 elements that complete a “space/time field”, where probably each nucleon is specialized in absorbing or emitting energy or information.

III Horizon: Maximum in-form-ation: Radiation of the heaviest atoms.
Atoms show an inner spatial structure based in the 3x3=1, decametric and ±1=3, quaternary differentiations , reflected in the Atomic table . Indeed, the quantic social number of the atomic table is E=10t=2 elements. So the element 100, fermium, already radioactive, is the organic limit of the social, electronic bodies of atoms. Whereas, in time its nuclear, informative structure is based on top predator ‘helium’ units of 2 complementary neutron-proton pairs. Since 4 dimensional elements specialized in the emission and absorption of energy and information, create quadrangular, stable systems. Thus probably atoms do so through their n-p pairs that constantly change from u-informative quarks to d-energetic quarks, emitting and absorbing pions within the nucleus.
Thus, the 3rd social, phase of evolution created complex atoms when heliums fusion in quartets in 3 ages: 4 heliums gave origin to oxygen (I Horizon), which associated again in quartets and gives origin to iron (II Horizon), which associates in quartets and gives origin to the heaviest atoms from uranium to lead (III Horizon) and through the loss of nucleons or in less perfect reactions to the rest of the atomic scale). Since beyond uranium, with 92 protons of temporal information, the equivalent to a man of more than 90 years, the excess of time-information makes atoms unstable. Which implies their dissolution and death as “radioactive” atoms.

+1: Molecular age: the states of matter.
 Hence once the limits of inner evolution of atomic forms were completed, atoms had to evolve socially into super-organisms, called molecules, starting the 3rd cosmological age of the Universe.