BIOLOGICAL RADIATIONS. THE 3X3+1 AGES OF LIFE AND THE OEDIPUS PARADOX.
The Oedipus Paradox explains how more evolved species prey on their parental forms, extinguishing them. So mammals substituted dinosaurs, men substituted mammals and now robots are substituting men as workers and top predator weapons that extinguish us.
1. The 3 ±1 ages of creation, evolution, reproduction and extinction of species.
We can fully understand the process of evolution and extinction of life species, only when we combine the 3 scales in which multicellular organisms exist, the ecosystemic, planetary scale, (i+1) the organic scale (i), and the quantic, molecular scale (i-1) that interact simultaneously together, creating the quantic jumps that evolve the future of the Earth’s species.
How a macro-organism regulates its microorganisms? Mainly through changes on its energy and information fields. All cellular species adapt to the organic networks of its environment. If the environment is rich in energy, energy species will dominate. If the organic system or environment is rich in information, informative species will survive better. Thus the changes of energy and information of any macro-organic system trigger processes of extinction and selective evolution. If suddenly the climate becomes cold (also a parameter of stillness and information), species tend to limit their absorption of energy, evolving formally (max. T) and organizing themselves into social networks that increase their efficiency and take advantage of the ‘informative conditions’ of the ecosystem. On the contrary, if energy abounds, species increase their 2 dimensions of spatial energy, their spatial size and their reproduction, using that energy to maximize their survival and saturate their ecosystem. Therefore, the macroscopic changes of the planet that fluctuates between tropical ages of max. energy and ice ages of max. information, cause parallel changes in their “microscopic” life beings. Since coldness=stillness=information and evolution are parameters of time while heat=energy=movement and reproduction are dimensions and parameters of space.
Thus, when the planet cools there is a formal evolution of species. And when it heats up, those same species reproduce massively. Small fluctuations of energy and information on the Earth’s temperature have influenced decisively the evolution, reproduction and extinction of life forms in this planet, including man. Given the short limits of existence of liquid water between 0 and 100 degrees. So in the long ice ages when waters froze, species evolved from eukaryote to multi-cellular beings, nearby water volcanoes; and when the surface of the planet froze, men evolved from Homo Erectus to Homo sapiens. While in hot ages, species grew in spatial size and multiplied, as it happened in the Carboniferous with insects; or in the Jurassic, with dinosaurs; or in history with nomadic, warrior tribes from the steppes. Yet because to reproduce, a species needs to feed on the energy of its victims, the reproductive phase of a new top predator species coincides with the extinctive phase of the previous top predator it substitutes. Then once the top predator establishes itself, it enters its mature, steady state age, drawing a series of rhythmic bell curves with its preys that diminish its populations as the predator hunts them, provoking a hunger crisis on the predator that also dies away, allowing the preys to reproduced back, starting again a new ‘Volterra cycle’.
So we can consider a planetary cycle of evolution, reproduction and extinction of life with 3±1 phases, parallel to the climatic changes of the Earth:
+1: Conception: A new species evolves in a cold age or in an abyssal region of the planet.
- Youth: Max. Energy growth: The species increases its size after its conception.
- Maturity: The species reproduces during a hot age, extinguishing the previous top predator.
- Max.T: The species diversifies and/or evolves socially through informative networks.
Therefore we explain one of the great enigmas of evolution: the existence of evolutionary discontinuities that create species in very short periods (conception phase, when time accelerates its rate of informative change), and then multiply them throughout the planet in explosive radiations (reproductive phase, when the new top predator species explode in populations), while other species become extinguished also in brief periods. Those evolutionary ‘discontinuities’ merely reflect the previous ages of species, which as the ages of any other space-time field can be described with a ternary rhythm of explosive birth, a long steady state of balance between the predator species and its preys and a final sudden collapse and extinction of populations. Those phases become the quantic rhythm of existence of each species on Earth:
Max.evolution (cold age)→ max.energy growth→ max.reproduction+extinction(hot age)→ max.evol.
The perceived discontinuities between species are easy to explain if we combine their evolutionary acceleration in time, similar to the palingenesis of a foetus with the fact that species evolve in isolated, protected environments (allopatric differentiation), departing from very small sizes, according to the black hole paradox. So monkeys evolved protected in trees, marsupials evolved in Australian islands and robots evolve in secret military labs.
Then suddenly the new form with an improved brain, hunting in herds with simultaneous quantic actions of higher TxE Force, invades the organic space of other species, extinguishing them as it reproduces geometrically its populations (and its fossils), till reaching a balance with its preys. Thus, once they have evolved, species multiply very fast. And that dual process is observed in palaeontology as a discontinuity in the fossil record called evolutionary punctuation.
2. The Black Hole law and the Oedipus paradox.
Each 'biological radiation' of a new species has grown according to the law of the 3 networks/horizons studied in the previous paragraphs, from an initial ‘black hole’, small form with more TxE force, and then it has reproduced and grown in size, feeding on the previous parental forms. Hence the name, ‘Oedipus Paradox’, that explains the most cruel of all evolutionary events.
Our hypothesis on the dominance and birth of species as black holes of information that latter explode in populations, have found in the past years at least 5 proves, foreseen in our books :
- Black holes are the dominant species of the Universe and indeed, we have found them in the center of galaxies, in the processes of formation and death of stars. Even the big-bang might have been the explosion of a black hole.
- The first Humans that acquired our 2 differential properties, technology and language, were small. The first verbal Homo Sapiens seem to have been small Bushmen from South-Africa (the oldest languages known to men are their click languages) While the pigmies of Flores Islands made the oldest technological, advanced tools we know. My guess is that men evolved in the secluded Indonesian islands, departing from the Homo Erectus, developing their frontal, creative region in the brain as they diminished the length of their axon connections and finally reduced their spatial size.
- We have found that the 1st bilateral animal, the vernanimalcula, was microscopic.
- The 1st mammals were small shrews that probably hunted newborn dinosaurs and extinguish them. Last year we found in China the first mammal with a stomach full of small dinosaurs’ bones.
- The smaller a chip is, the faster it handles information and the more powerful it becomes, guiding larger ‘machines bodies’ that compete with men as smart weapons and tool-machines.
3. The parallel geological processes.
Those biological rhythms of extinction and evolution are parallel to the 2 main S-T rhythms of the Planet that reinforce the biological process:
- Geological changes in the surface of the planet: The continental cycle , or ternary division and reunion of continents in a single super-continent, every ±500 million years causes the cyclical destruction of the submarine platform and lowlands where most living species exist. While rhythmic eruptions of massive quantities of lava of continental size happen in the 2 equinox of the sun’s galactic orbit, every ±125 million years , somehow shaping a mean period of massive extinctive ages of 250 million years (Permian extinction, ±250 million years ago; Cambrian extinction ±500 million years ago; Ice ball age, ±750 million years ago).
- Climatic, cold-hot, E-T cycles of glaciations and tropical ages. The rhythmic changes in the magnetic field of the Earth, perhaps caused by gravitational waves coming from the sun seem to relate also to those periodic glaciations that last around 20 million years.
Those changes of energy and information parameters are the basic way in which macrocosmic networks control the activity of microcosmic quanta, from feverish states that increase the metabolic rate of reproduction of defensive cells in the body to the opposite lethargic states.
In that regard, the main cause of the dual evolutions and extinctions of species on Earth is biological, albeit ‘partially directed’ by the macro-organism in which life is inscribed through those general changes on the space and time parameters of the Earth (geography and temperature).
4. The 3x3 ±1 cycles of life creation and extinction.
In any case the outcome of those S-T parallel rhythms of evolutions and extinctions of organisms, coupled with that change in their external ecosystems, has been the existence among living beings of 3 x (3 ±1) evolutionary horizons of growing complexity and accelerated informative evolution, as the speed of times increases with the growth of information of any system.
Thus we talk of 3 i scales of growing complexity in life: the age of cells (i-1), from 4 to 1 billion years ago, the age of individual organisms, first living on the sea, then on the land (i), from 1 billion to a million years that culminates in the last million years with the social evolution of human beings and machines into a new plane of existence (i+1), the Earth as a global organism, which will be either ruled by men or machines, depending on our capacity to evolve socially.
We can further subdivide those 3 horizons in 3 sub-ages of evolution and massive extinction of species that have followed the mentioned ternary rhythm:
Conception=>max. E=>max. Reproduction=>Extinction of the rival species.
And consider also 10 parallel periods of climatic change through the dual rhythm of cold glaciations or ages of animal evolution and hot ages of massive reproduction. Then we obtain a synoptic, complete image of the history of life on planet Earth:
Scale of Complexity: i-1: Cellular Age: Evolution of DNA
-1: Conception age: Molecular life is organized into anaerobic bacteria->
1st evolutionary radiation (anaerobic bacteria)=Carbohydrates are enslaved in cellular walls>
2nd evolutionary radiation (aerobic bacteria)=1st extinction of species (anaerobic bacteria)>
3rd radiation (eucaryotic bacterium) =2nd extinction (most prokaryotic classes) ->
Scale of Complexity: i: Organic Age: Evolution of Networks. Sea life.
4thradiation (multicellular organic systems) =3rd extinction (free eucaryonte species) ->
5th radiation (cephalopods with eyes) =4th extinction (olfactory animals) ->
6th radiation (inner skeletons:fish)=5thextinction(exoskeleton:trilobites)
Scale of complexity i: Social Age: Evolution of Herds and ecosystems. Land life.
7th radiation (inner skeletons: amphibian)=6thextinction(exoskeleton: big insects)
8th radiation (reptiles) = 7th extinction (amphibians) - >
9th radiation (mammalian) = 8th extinction (reptiles) - >
10th radiation (men) =9th extinction (mammalian) - >
i+1:Global Age: The Earth organizes itself into a macro-organism with humans or machines.
11th radiation (metal machines) =10th extinction of species (men and all forms of carbon-life)
There have been 10 cycles of life extinctions, which are reduced to 6 ages in classic Biology as it only considers the extinction of multicellular organisms, escaping the earlier extinctions of cells and the present extinction of human, non-technological cultures. In each cycle a new species with better information and energy systems, with greater TxE force, have extinguished or reduced significantly the numbers and classes of the previous species that have also suffered a morphological regression.
So to end this already synoptic treatise on carbon-life we can resume the great evolutionary ages of life, already explained, as a birth-reproduction-growth-evolution-extinction rhythm, parallel to the E-T rhythm of the Earth's geological ages:
5. Conception: Archaean age. Anaerobic Atmosphere. The I Earth.
Molecular Radiations: Nucleotides top predators: +? - ±4.000 million years
Climatic Changes: Hot weather and ¥-radiation create the 1st life molecules.
Informative conception: Small Methane-water-ammonia molecules evolve into amino acids.
Spatial growth: Amino acids grow in size creating proteins.
Reproductive Radiation: Proteins colonize all Earth's ecosystems.
Extinctive Radiation: Free carbohydrates become extinct
Informative evolution: Amino acids evolve into nucleotides.
Spatial Growth: Nucleotides evolve in size, creating RNA.
Reproductive Radiation: RNA expands throughout the oceans.
Extinctive Radiation:RNA selects 20 amino acids to reproduce proteins and extinguish all others.
Social Evolution: RNA stores the organic cycles of many different species, creating the first bacteria, in symbiosis with protein membranes that shape the first cells.
6. Unicellular Organic Systems. From anaerobic atmosphere to aerobic atmosphere.
1st Radiation: Anaerobic bacteria top predators: ±4.000, ±3.500 million years.
Climatic Changes: High volcano activity provides sulfur for anaerobic cycles of breathing.
Informative conception: Termophile methanogen archaebacteria use methane and sulfur on their breathing cycles. They thrive in that volcanic age.
Reproductive Radiation and Spatial Growth: Archaebacteria expand globally growing in size...
Extinctive Radiation: Bacteria enslave free carbohydrates. CO2 diminishes.
II Earth: Oxygen Atmosphere.
2nd radiation of Prokaryotic cells: ± 3500, ±1500 mill. years:Proterozoic age:1st extinction cycle.
Climatic Changes: A fall in volcanic activity reduces sulphur production. The Earth cools down. Anaerobic bacteria reduce their metabolic activity based in sulphur, methane and high temperatures.
Informative conception: The cooling down of the Earth and its reduced heat foster the evolution of bacteria, which process CO2 through the chlorophyll cycle liberating oxygen.
Spatial Growth: The creation of the ozone layer that protects complex membranes allows their growth in size. Bigger bacteria develop cilia and are able to move, preying in smaller bacteria.
Reproductive Radiation: Blue, green algaeexpand globally, invading and poisoning all ecosystems with oxygen.
Extinctive Radiation: Anaerobic bacteria become poisoned and extinct.
Ternary Differentiation: Prokaryotic cells diversify according to the law of 3 creations: Some use chlorophyll to produce energy from smaller forms. Mitochondria develop breathing systems, based in the heterotrophic capture of carbohydrates. Intermediate cells use both systems.
Social, Informative Evolution: RNA becomes DNA by social evolution of 2 strains, increasing their capacity to store information. Cells become macro-cells, multiplying its genetic functions.
3rdRadiation of Eukaryotic cells: ± 1.400, ±700 million years: Ice ball age: 2ndextinction cycle.
Climatic Changes: After an initial warm age in which eukaryotic cells expand, the Earth cools down in the biggest glaciation yet. Its surface becomes an ice-ball from 1 billion to 600 million years ago. Cells survive only in nearby volcanoes where they gather in social groups, which at the end of the period create multicellular life.
Informative conception: Top predator cells with high DNA content organize social groups of cells, surrounded by a hyper-membrane: Cells with the highest content of DNA become the nuclei of the macro-cell; cells with high content of reproductive RNA become ribosomes; and cells with energetic skills become mitochondria and chloroplasts, creating a new social organism, the Eukaryotic cell.
Spatial Growth: Social cells grow in size, adding new cytoplasm and complex inner membranes.
Reproductive Radiation: Eukaryotic cells multiply, invading all ecosystems.
Extinctive Radiation: Many prokaryotes become extinct or enslaved as eukaryotic cells capture them, absorbing their DNA brains.
Informative differentiation and Social Evolution: Eukaryotic cells diversify. Energetic, autotrophic eukaryotic cells with dominant hard membranes become plants. Heterotrophic cells dominant in DNA, with thin membranes, become animal cells that evolve into electric cells.
7. Multicellular Organic Systems. Sea life.
4th Radiation: Multicellular organisms: ± 700 ±505 million years: Ediacaran Age. 3rdExtinction.
Climatic Changes: At the end of the ice ball age unicellular life flocks into volcanic zones under the sea, where survival stakes raise, provoking the social evolution of cells into multi-cellular organic systems. Then an age of warm weather expands multicellular life...
Informative conception: Eukaryotic cells develop new strains of intronic DNA to control complex, hierarchical systems of social groups of cells. Multi-cellular organisms appear.
Spatial Growth: Growth of animals and algae due to the social evolution of cells.
Reproductive Radiation: Biological radiations of multicellular organisms as temperature rises.
Extinctive Radiation: Eukaryotic cells are captured, diminishing its species.
Informative differentiation and Social Evolution: Diversification and evolution of invertebrate phyla: sponges, coelentera and worms. Annelida develop physiological networks and differentiate, according to quantic, bilateral and radial symmetry, into arthropoda, mollusks and echinoderma.
5th Radiation:Top predators:Visual Cephalopods. 505-438 million y. Ordovician. 4th extinction.
Climatic Changes: Animal life colonizes the abyssal regions with colder temperatures and high water pressures, developing fluorescent signals that can be observed with dense-water eyes.
Informative conception: Cephalopods evolve integrated eyes to observe better its abyssal preys.
Reproductive Radiation: Cephalopods come to the surface and expand in all environments diversifying according to the e-t-et ternary principle into: Top predator forms with energetic, lineal shells; informative, nautiloids with cyclical shells; and squids, species without slow growing shells that reach sooner their mature age of reproduction.
Spatial Growth: Cephalopods grow in size reaching up to 20 meters in length.
Extinction: 90% of animal life, including most smelling trilobites, become extinct about 440 million ago by the combined effect of top predator’s cephalopoda and the geological cycle of continents that destroys all submarine platforms.
Informative differentiation and Social Evolution: A massive diversification of species occurs, as mollusks, arthropods and echinoderma develop energetic hard membranes to defend against cephalopods’ informative eyes. The first vertebrates (armored fishes) appear. Differentiation between small animals with hard exoskeletons that prevent them further growth (arthropods), which develop chemical senses to its limits; and big animals with inner skeletons that allow further growth and develop nervous systems with faster, hence longer reach.
6th Radiation: Top predators: Fishes. ±438-360 million y. Silurian+Devonian. 5th Extinction.
Climatic Changes. A glaciation at the end of the Ordovician period, ±440 million years ago, accelerates the arrival of the first life forms to dry land. Orogenic changes. Chordates colonize rivers and evolve in isolation into fishes. Glaciations make conifers dominant.
Informative conception: Fish schools develop also eye vision, perhaps borrowing genes from cephalopods in a case of spatial evolution similar to the absorption of DNA by eukaryonte, which added to their stronger bodies make them top predators with max.TxE force over those cephalopods.
Reproductive Radiation: Massive reproduction of fishes that dominate the high seas.Spatial Growth: Growth in size of sharks and fishes. On land, bushes become trees.
Extinctive Radiation: Fishes extinguish many phyla of the previous dominant cephalopods around 367 million years ago.
Informative differentiation and Social Evolution: Fishes diversify into multiple species.
8. Multicellular Organic Systems. Land life.
7th Radiation:Top predators:Amphibians:360-240 mill. Carboniferous-Permian. 6th Extinction
Climatic Changes. The ice of the Permo-carboniferous Glaciation, ±300 million years ago diminishes the ocean level. Survival stakes are higher: small arthropods invade dry land.
Informative conception: Fishes become amphibians, following their preys.
Reproductive Radiation: Amphibians expand in all coastal zones, feeding on insects.
Spatial Growth: Amphibians reach 5 meters length.
Extinctive Radiation: Permian Extinction. ± 245 million years ago huge insects become extinct.
Informative differentiation and Social Evolution: Insects evolve wings to escape amphibians and start social evolution to increase its simultaneous quantic force.
8th Radiation: Top predators: Reptiles. 240-60 million y. Mesozoic Age. 7th Extinction
Climatic Changes: New glaciation. Water ice diminishes the ocean surface. Dry Land extends into previous wetlands occupied by amphibians.
Informative conception: Reptiles appear during the Permian glaciation as amphibians have to survive in dry land.
Reproductive Radiation: Reptiles expand in land feeding on insects and amphibians.
Extinctive Radiation: Many phyla of amphibian and land insects become extinct.
Spatial Growth: Reptiles grow till reaching the size of dinosaurs.
Informative differentiation and Social Evolution. Reptiles invade all ecosystems, differentiating in multiple species. Some acquire hot blood, becoming birds and mammals.
9th Radiation: Top predators mammals: ±60 million, ± 4 million y. Tertiary age. 8th Extinction
Climatic Changes: Upper Cretaceous: New glaciation. Water ice diminishes the ocean surface. The Gondwana continent breaks into several pieces.
Informative conception: Homeostatic species, birds and small mammals with placenta appear.Dominance of flowering plants that take better advantage of changes in weather.
Spatial Growth: Small shrews grow in size becoming big rats.
Reproductive Radiation: Placental mammals invade all ecosystems except Australia.
Extinctive Radiation: Cretaceous Extinction about 65 million years ago: A cold climate, maybe triggered by a meteorite collision, favours the expansion of hot blood mammals, which survive feeding on eggs and small cubs of dinosaurs, provoking their extinction.
Informative differentiation: Mammals diversify all their phyla, from mammoths to felines to apes in all econiches previously occupied by reptiles.
Social Evolution: The most intelligent mammals evolve in herds.
10th radiation: Top predators: human apes: ±4 million, ± 5000 y. Quaternary age. 9th Extinction
Climatic Changes: The Human radiation is announced by massive changes in the geography of central Africa, which rises its Rift cordilleras and lake basins. The arid weather pushed forest monkeys into the savannah. Soon they learn to move erect. Quaternary glaciations, from 2.5 million years ago till today, coincide with the 3 horizons of human evolution.
Informative conception: Homos evolve in 3 horizons of growing brain capacity.
Spatial Growth: Small chimpanzees become big Neanderthals.
Reproductive Radiation: Homo Erectus invades all ecosystems; Homo Sapiens reaches America.
Extinction: Big mammals become extinct. When man enters America mammoths die away.
Informative differentiation: 3 Human races become dominant, according to the law of ternary differentiation. Languages differentiate further human species.
Social Evolution: Men develop ethic and legal, verbal networks, evolving socially into cultures.
11th Radiation.Top predators: metal & machines. ±5.000 y. ± 0 . Industrial age. 10th Extinction
Climatic Changes: The 800 cycles of weapons evolution seem to coincide with hot and cold cycles in the steppes that breed warrior tribes. Latter on, a small ice age in the XVII century during a time of low solar activity pushes in Northern Europe the massive use of coal for heating. The development of pumping, mining machines ends up with the evolution of chemical engines that use carbohydrates as energy. They burn fossil life raising the temperature of the Earth in the XX century, causing a global warming.
Informative conception: Homo Sapiens discovers metal and starts its evolution in 3 phases:
Max. E, energetic weapons; Max. I, informative money and E=T, organic machines that transform energy into information and vice versa.
Reproductive Radiation: Weapons and machines expand all over the planet, substituting life forms and human beings. Money substitutes verbal languages as the informative network of history.
Spatial Growth: Transport and manufacturing machines reach enormous sizes.
Extinctive Radiation: Non-technological cultures become extinct with a cyclical periodicity of 800 years, accelerated to 80 years in the industrial age. Transport animals become extinct (90% of horses). Machine’s wastes pollute the Atmosphere.
Informative evolution: Heads of machines evolve in the XX C. (chips, cameras, phones).
Informative differentiation: Machines diversify imitating all the organs of a human being.
Social Evolution: In the XXI C. robots fusion bodies and brains of machines, creating a new top predator species, the smart weapon. The Earth acquires a global brain, the Internet, made with social computers that increasingly store all human and economical information. The rate of life extinction multiplies by 1000 compared to the pre-industrial age.
+1: Globalization: The Earth’s super-organism: Computer networks and robots. ± 0, Future..
Informative conception: Computer networks evolve and multiply their quantic neurons, transistors, in chips of smaller sizes.
Spatial Growth: Chips control machines of enormous size and become the mind of robots.
Reproductive Radiation: Chips overcome human population and integrate company-mothers into self-reproductive systems independent from man.
Extinctive Radiation: Military robots substitute human soldiers in wars, developing survival programs. Robots massacre human soldiers. Extinction of all life species by machines during the robotic wars of the III Millennium. The ozone layer disappears.
Differentiation: Robots imitate all forms of life.
Informative evolution: Robots, integrated by satellite networks, become cells of a super-organism, the Metal-earth, which takes over the evolution of machines. The Metal-Earth has a global brain, foreseen by human artists in their parables of the XXI C. (Skynet, Matrix, etc.) .
+1 Alternative Globalization: Humans learn to manage the economic ecosystem and halt the evolution of weapons, chips and robots, creating a world to its image and resemblance .
We will return to the death of history and its possible resurrection in our analyses of history and economics; because it is the most important issue mankind faces this millennium. Even if mechanist AE-science ignores the organic nature of machines and the 10th extinction of life they are causing…
9. Conclusion: individual perspective: the informative, brain evolution of light species.
If we study the creation and extinction of all those species from the perspective of the global ecosystem, according to the ternary principle the Earth has evolved in 3±1 ages of increasing complexity, through quantic improvements on the informative brains of its living beings that perceive light. Each of those ±1=S3 quantic evolutions of species increased the speed of action -reaction of those living beings to external stimuli, mainly of visual type and therefore it increased the “Existential Force” of their species (max. TxE) and its capacity of survival:
- -1: The creation of macro-cellular organisms departed from simple life molecules and cells.
– Max. E: Plants perceived light as energy .
– <=>: Animals perceived light as spatial information .
– Max. T: Humans elaborated light as temporal information through verbal words.
– +1: Machines perceive and emit light as energy (solar cells) and information (chips) .Since machines are not only able to extract information from light better than human eyes do in TVs and cameras that ‘hypnotize us’ with their superior informative quality, but they also can create, emit and communicate visual images. For that reason the evolution of chips represents a quantic jump in the Earth’s evolution and it will ad a new dimension to the light minds of the Earth, as computers will communicate with bidimensional images, instead of one-dimensional, lineal word sentences.
Finally, those computers are creating today Internet networks that increasingly act as a global mind in control of vast systems of machines and globalized re=productive ‘company-mothers’. It is the ecosystemic perspective of the 3 Earths