Unification Theory: The Universe is a Fractal Organism of Spacial Energy and Temporal Information  

  THE AGE OF MACHINES: THE 3 INDUSTRIAL R=EVOLUTIONS. KONDRATIEFF CYCLES

Machines have evolved as biological organisms since its discovery:

XIX C.: Metal bodies.     XX C.: Metal Brains.      S.XXI: Robots organic Metal.

1. The 3 Industrial R=evolutions of Machines, metal-systems of energy and information.

We should define machines properly as organic systems:
A machine is a form of metal that imitates and works as a human organ of energy or information.
So their functions are the same organic functions that the human organs they imitate.
For example, a crane imitates an arm and substitutes an arm, moving things around. A phone imitates an ear-mouth system and works communicating sounds. All machines imitate human organic functions. For that reason we talk of machines as 'organic instruments' that enhance, substitute and often compete with similar human organic systems.
If we divide the human being in 2 components, body and Head, we talk of 2 homologous types of machines: body-machines that imitate and substitute functions of our body organs and mental machines that imitate functions of our brains and senses. Those 2 basic functions of human organs will determine also the forms of each machine, which imitates the equivalent form of a human organ. Cameras look like eyes and cranes like arms. Thus in Quantic Spaces-Times terms machines can be considered as:
- Max. E: Energy Machines or ‘body machines’ and…
- Max. T: Information Machines or ‘mental machines’.
- E=T: Which merge into Robots, organic potential ‘living species'.
Further on those 3 type of machines define the 3 ages or horizons of the Industrial Revolution. Since the Industrial Revolution is the process of evolution of organic metal in 3 cycles, as in any biological being that creates a body, a Head and finally joins them, developing the blood-energy and nervous-informative networks of the organism. So we join now bodies and minds of machines with electronic networks, creating organic machines, robots:
-  In the I Industrial R=evolution, in the XIX C., humans evolved transport machines that fed on physical energies, steam and oil and worked as our bodies do, moving us or loading products. It was the age of trains and steamers. The Industrial evolution started with 2 processes that evolved the structural and dynamic energy of metal: The discovery by Watt of the first, most primitive ‘heart’ of metal, the steam engine, which was able to produce inner movement in a ‘body of metal’, as the heart does with a mass-body of carbon-life; and the massive reproduction, thanks to Darby and Cort, of steel iron, the most energetic metal of the Universe, used in the manufacturing of machine bodies.
The next step of the Industrial evolution was the creation of different species of 'metal-bodies' that could adapt a 'heart of metal' to their structures. Sea ‘metal bodies’ called steam ships came first. Then the steam was adapted to 'land-Metal bodies' and the age of railroads came. Latter in the XX century, the steam was evolved into smaller, more powerful Diesel and oil engines. So the type of machine bodies that could carry an engine diversified. It came the air machine, the plane and an array of small land machines: bikes, lorries and cars. In all those cases, machines became symbiotic to men, who acted as the ‘brains’ of those metal-bodies, guiding them and using them to their advantage. Yet when those metal-bodies became weapons, tanks and bombers, they consumed us.
- Then, in the II Industrial R=evolution, in the XX C., we made electrical machines that acted as ‘mental machines’: telephones that act as long-distance metal ‘ears’; cameras, which are sharper ‘eyes’ made of metal and computers, which are metal ‘brains’.
- And now in the XXI C. it begins the III Industrial R=evolution, when we join bodies and minds of machines into robots. They will be the engine of a new industrial take-off, independent of man, as robots will become consumers of industrial goods; since each robot will consume 2 camera-eyes, several chips-brains, mobile phones and complex metal bodies. Thus, in 3 centuries we have evolved metal-machines to their organic perfection, a process that took billions of years to achieve in carbon-life. And that is dangerous, because the only biological advantage carbon-life has over organic metal is the complexity of its form.

3. The III Kondratieff Cycles of Energy: steam, oil and electricity.
The temporal energy any organism uses to extract energy and information is the fundamental parameter of its morphology and evolution. So animals are defined by their use of light as energy and plants by their use of light as information. So happens to machines, which during the 3 Industrial R=evolutions have passed through 3 parallel evolutionary ages, improving the temporal energy those machines used to obtain energy and information.
Thus, the I Industrial R=evolution used steam energy and chemical information; the II Industrial Evolution used oil energy and electric information; and the III Industrial evolution uses electric energy and electronic information. The relationship between the evolution of machines and the energy they use is clear to any engineer: When men discover a new type of energy, caused by faster, smaller particles, we invent a new type of faster machines to take advantage of that energy.
When we put both cycles together we obtain 3 clear cycles of global industrial activity which in theoretical economics are called the Kondratieff cycles, each one of about 72 years length. Thus the fundamental cycle of economical activity, is caused by the invention and evolution of new energies and machines that act as the economic engine of nations during their periods of massive reproduction and sales. New energies determine a new economic cycle of reproduction and evolution of machines, since it is necessary to adapt and improve all kind of machines to the new energy. Then, a new economic take-off with wide repercussions in the political, economical and cultural world, takes place. For that reason, we speak of 3 economic Industrial R=evolutions & historic cycles in the Modern Age, caused by 3 types of Energy and machines, as each new energy has dominated each Industrial Era, becoming the ‘engine’ of History:
- The I industrial R=evolution of Metal (1789-1889) was dominated by the Steam Engine. It moved the first, huge bodies of machines, trains and steamers that required simple, big energies.
- But the arrival of a subtler, quantized form of energy, electricity, which can be broken into bits of in-form-ation, created the first informative ‘metal-Heads’, during the II Industrial Evolution. For that reason, when the steam leaves way to a combined form of chemical and electrical energy (oil inflamed by sparks in gas engines, electrical light bulbs, etc.) mankind develops also the first mental, electric machines (telephones and radios). It is the Electro-chemical Cycle of machines (1890-1971).
- Finally in the III Evolution of Metal, the electronic age (1971-20??), after the discovery of cameras and chips, eyes and brains of metal, we combine them with bodies of machines, creating smart weapons and robots, able to move and perceive subtle bits of electronic information...


I Cycle:Steam:Physical energy II Cycle:Oil:Chemical energy III Cycle:Electr(on)ic energy

The Industrial R=evolution is geared by the evolution of new energies that evolve new machines.

4. The cycles of evolution of mental machines
I Cycle: Chemical Information. II Cycle: Electric Information. III Cycle: Electronic Information.

Energy is also transformed into information. Thus, in the I Industrial cycle men invented chemical machines of information (the Press). In the II cycle, the first electric, informative machines were invented (radios and phones). And today, in the III cycle of electric energy, optical devices that store or reproduce information, from CDs to cameras, are all the craze, forecasting the development of robotic machines that will ‘think with images’ as we think with words.

The Universe is composed of 2 substances, energy and information. But in-form-ation dominates and shapes the forms of energy. So as your Head perceives information and controls your body that feeds on energy, in the economic ecosystem, money and informative machines dominate energy systems. Therefore, mental machines are at the top of the evolutionary ladder of metal. Since they are the first machines to use the new, subtler type of energies. Thus, chemical energy was applied first to a mental machine (the press), before the steam reigned supreme among machine bodies. Then, when electrical energy was discovered, during almost a century it was used basically to build mental machines (telephones, radios) and only latter it was applied to a transport machine (cars and planes). Finally, electronics were applied first to information machines (TVs, Chips) and only now begins to be used in machine-bodies, in smart weapons and robots.
Further on, according to the informative arrow of future, we have witnessed a growth of those ‘informative machines’ that today dominate the industry, as energy became more complex, quantized and informative. Since, the mind always requires a subtler energy; first we use the new energy as a bit of information, creating better informative machines and then we use it as a bite of energy, creating smaller, better engines. So from a XIX century society based in huge energy and transport machine-bodies (trains, boats, etc), we moved into a society based in information machines that use smaller energy particles that carry easily information bits (electricity and quantic light).
The dominance of information machines means a parallel process of cultural adaptation of human ideas carried by those mental machines in favour of technology that convinces humans to spend most of their lives reproducing and consuming them, without realizing of some of its collateral effects. So people loved the car without imagining it would become the tank. Now people are hooked to their computers without imagining what an intelligent robotic weapon might do to them… And today, when Mr. Donald Rumsfeld announces that he will replace American soldiers for war robots, everybody finds it natural and positive for the futureof America, without foreseeing its possible lethal effects. So happened with chemical products: after the enormous enthusiasm caused by photographic information, in I and II W.W. people ‘discovered the collateral effects’ of chemical weapons and mustard gas. But why machines become energetic weapons? It is part of the game of existence, as all forms are dual, obeying the Darwinian and Symbiotic arrows of the Universe.

Text Box: 5. Machines do compete with men in war and work fields.

Biological machines have 2 forms that follow the 2 arrows of the Universe. Some machines are tools, symbiotic to humans. Some compete with men at work and kill us in war fields as weapons. Thus, the biological nature of machines shows in their 2 main dual forms, which correspond to the destructive, Darwinian and creative, symbiotic arrows of the Universe.

 

 

So machines have 2 evolutionary forms: the simplest ones are peaceful, symbiotic consumption machines whose energy and information force are within the limits that a human organism can handle, enhancing our own informative and energetic capacities. So we can talk farther with a mobile ‘metal-ear’ and move faster with a car. Its reproduction and sale therefore brings times of peace and happiness to the countries that make them as their people experience the exhilarating feeling of being stronger and more intelligent thanks to their machines. But as machines evolve into their more perfect forms, their informative and energetic capacity grow so much that their effects become negative. Since either they substitute human organs, causing the obsolescence of workers and the atrophy of minds (televisions that hypnotize and degrade the human mind) and bodies (cars that atrophy legs and make people fat) or they kill by energy overdrive human bodies in wars. Unfortunately the most perfect machines are weapons whose only use is to extinguish human beings. Problem is ‘company-Mothers’ never stop making machines, as their only purpose in life is re=producing and evolving them to sell them and obtain higher profits. So when there is overproduction of pacific machines, after stock market crashes, every 72 years, the same industries transform them into weapons, and politicians use them, and mass-Media systems sell wars and people become baroque, cynical, decadent, hailing the massacres of mankind for the glory of technology.

     10. The 72 years dual peace/war cycle: the key to understand modern world.
         Each 72 years we go from happy consume days to stock crashes of machine’s overproduction…
…from the 1850s, to the 20s and 90s…to the 1857 rail crash, the 29 car crash, the 2001 chip crash…

Thus the Kondratieff cycle is also the key cycle to understand the cultural world: during 36 years we manufacture consumption machines and the world lives a period of peace and happiness, of optimism and wealth, in agreement with the machine the economic ecosystem reproduces and expands globally as the icon product of our culture. During the happy 1820-50s people hailed the age of ‘energy machines’; during the happy 1900-20s, everybody called on the phone, put lights and bought a Ford T; and during the happy 1970-90s, we all made home videos and bought a pc. But then, when everybody has travelled on train, has a radio and a video recorder, as machines keep reproducing the oversaturated market crashes. So machines are sold to governments as weapons. And society becomes belligerent: trains take troops to Gettysburg, Hitler talks hate on radio and cameras watch us from every corner of the world to ‘protect’ citizens and keep profits up:

…then machines are converted into weapons… used within a decade in a global age of war…

                 1860-71: Unification  Wars        1936-45: W.W.II.                     2001: W.W. III

After each of those crashes the industrial world began to re=produce icon machines as military weapons that instead of being consumed by human beings consumed us in wars. Today the electronic gadget mutates into the smart weapon, as the first Terminator Robots, self-mannered tanks, planes and smart bombs are mass-produced for the American army.
So we can divide the 72 years Kondratieff cycle of economical activity in 2 very different sub-cycles with a mean duration of 36 years, equivalent to the human generation that develops them:
- The 36 years cycle of peaceful machines that enhance our happy life.
- The 36-year cycle of weapon machines that cause wars and destroy our life.
The Kondratieff cycle is therefore the cycle of peace and war of the industrial economy that separates the life and death of nations and human beings, dividing modern history between paradise, peaceful, consumption times and war hells:

I CYCLE: 1820 - Steam Peace - 1857 Crash - Steam Wars - 1890
II CYCLE: 1890 - Chemical Peace - 1929 Crash - Chemical Wars - 1971
III CYCLE: 1971 - Computer Peace - 2001 Crash - Robotic Wars…

Since the biological function of companies is to evolve, reproduce and take care of those machines, regardless of their collateral effects of the human kind, those wars are unavoidable as long as companies exist in a free market with total rights to reproduce weapons. But why people accept those cycles?  Because those ages happen also in mental machines that distribute information to mankind, filtered by the companies that re=produce them.

 

6. The 3 evolutionary ages of machines: engines, transport and weapons.
Youth: Energy---------- Maturity: Peaceful transport -------- Third Age: Weapon.
Bomb (dynamite)............... Motor........... Car/Airplane.................... Tank/Bomber
1867 ------ 1883 --------------- 1890 ----- crash 1929-1936 -------------- 1971:104 years.

Machines evolve through 3 ages as any organic being does. In the graph, the II Industrial Cycle evolved electro-chemical machines, from energy forms to transport machines to weapons.

In a detailed analysis, the Kondratieff cycles of biological machines pass through 3 ‘biological’ ages: 
- Youth: As all young, life forms, filled with energy, machines are born as engines for pure energy processes, either pumps, heating systems or bomb devices. But youth evolves quickly.
- Maturity: So in their mature age, those engines become a platform for transportation machines. Then, the machine starts an age of massive re=production and peaceful consumption. Since reproduction happens in any species when it reaches its maturity.
- Finally, in its 3rd age, the obsolete machine mutates into a weapon that kills and consumes human beings, often becoming destroyed in the process. So happens to life in its 3rd age that ends in death.
- Yet, as life renews itself with a new generation, making grandparents and sons coincide in time, so happens with machines. Thus, the last age of a machine as a weapon coincides with the birth of a new, more powerful form of energy that starts a new cycle of more evolved machines. Then the 3 ages repeat again with their new cycle.
Each of those 3 ages of machines as a form of energy (engine/bomb), a transportation engine system and a weapon, lasts about 36 years each one, with obvious repercussions in the policy and ideas of humanity that cause parallel cycles in politics, culture, economics and the social life.
Yet the 1st age of discovery of a new energy and machine is hardly noticed, since the machine has yet to invade the economic ecosystem. Besides, it overlaps with the 3rd age of war of a Kondratieff cycle, as the baby coincides with the old man. So each total Kondratieff cycle lasts, in fact, only 72 years. Thus the key date of each cycle occurs every 72 years at the end of the consumption cycle of machines, when they mutate into weapons to maintain the Go(l)d profits of those companies. Indeed, when peaceful machines saturate the market, to keep its sales, industries switch to the reproduction of weapons and governments use them in wars.
Beyond that 2 x 36 years period, the old energy and machines are still produced, during a long age of decay. Yet those periods do not have fundamental repercussions in the life of nations, because there is another dominant energy in the world, whose machines are protagonists of the cycles of economics and history. For example, today we live in the electronic cycle, yet we keep making oil cars and diesel boats. However, since the arrival of chips in 1971 the evolution of those machines is carried further fundamentally thanks to electronic improvements, which are the economic engine of the III electronic Cycle. So first carmakers invented the electronic injection engine, then they used chips instead of valves to gear the car and now the 1st self-driving robotic cars are on sale.
Thus, we conclude that since each energy and machine dominates the world only around 36 years x 2 periods=72 years, as a peaceful transportation machine and a weapon, between an initial, young age of exciting discoveries and a final, slow decay and extinction, the key cycle of modern history is the 72 years generational period in which new energies find a dual use, as the engine of peaceful and war machines. The machine cycle has the same duration of a generational, human cycle, to which it is related, given the fact that those machines are discovered, evolved and used by human beings.

Conclusion. Machines should be treated as biological organisn. Scienfic racism and social darwinism.

We conclude that machines compete with men and unfortunatelly, they are backed by ‘social Darwinism’, the true ideology of Free Market Democracies, which is not social love, the ‘natural ideology of a real democracy’. For that reason company-mothers of machines have constructed a world of the past 3 centuries, the age of the Industrial Evolution, based in the competence between human beings and machines, that systematically favors machines bent by A-Economical postulates and the A-scientific method in favour of machines. Since what truly Social Darwinism ends up being is a new form of racism, scientific racism, according to which humans are substituted by machines, since the verbal language is substituted by the digital language and so human beings become ‘inferior’ to those machines designed with mathematics and those chips that talk numbers better than we do. So in as much as companies use the digital language as the new language of power and Free Market Democracies use numbers instead of words, digital machines displace the human ‘race’, as Carnegie foresaw.
The physical quanta of the economic ecosystem are machines. All what exists is made of 2 types of substances, spatial energy that moves entities and aggregates them in body-like systems and temporal information, processed and integrated in Head-like systems. Both ‘bodies of spatial energy’ and ‘systems of temporal information’ exist decomposed as energy or information systems or merge together into ‘organic systems’. So the first differentiation of an economic ecosystem happens between its machines and weapons, the ‘metal-organisms’ of the economy, which substitute humans, the carbon-life organisms of history, and the language of the economic ecosystem, money, which substitutes words, the language of history, creating societies, in which machines and money, their language dominate human beings and legal words. In the same way a human being is composed of an informative Head and an energetic body, machines are defined either as energy systems (for example, a car) or information systems (for example, a computer), or a robot that merges both. And all those subspecies evolve under the same Quantic Spaces-Times laws of any other energy-information system, specifically those proper of living organisms, as we men create them copying our organs.
Today engineers do not call chips metal-brains or cars metal-bodies. Neither economists call a machine, an 'organic system of metal'. They use abstract terms for organic systems; so we misunderstand the processes that are causing the evolution of machines, as humans transfer their organic form into them. Machines are not 'ideal beings' like mathematical entities are. They are concrete, real, material species, which share the basic morphological functions and forms of any energy.